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Mandukya Upanishad, Class 73

Class 73 Gowdapadha is talking about the problem and remedy for samsara.  When I happened to be ever free Brahman, why is it I am caught up in the cycle of samsara?  ­In 75th verse, Gowdapadha says the cause is ignorance which leads to chain reaction in the form of samsara.  Ignorance never comes, it […]

Mandukya Upanishad, Class 72

When we ask is the world is real or not, we should remember from which standpoint.  From the standpoint of the body, viswa, karma etc.  world is real and capable of affecting the waker also.  From vyvakarika dhrishti world is born and is real.  But in Vedanta, we are trying to look at the world […]

Mandukya Upanishad, Class 71

Mithyatvam of the world has been established through several methods.  In these verses, Gowdapadha uses a special reasoning:  Whatever is an object of an experience has to be mithya, because its existence can be proved and is dependent on the subject, the experiencer.  Then he divided the whole universe into three categories:  Sakshi, chitham and […]

Mandukya Upanishad, Class 70

Beginning from 57th verse to 74th verse, essence of vedanta is given.  Chaithanyam alone is sathyam and everything else obtained in the form of matter is mithya.  That chaithanyam is myself and therefore I am sathyam everything else is mithya.    This has been conveyed by different methods.  From verse 63 up to 67, Gowdapadha […]

Mandukya Upanishad, Class 69

Gowdapadha extends aladha dhrishtantha to show that there is no kariya karana sambandha between Brahman and Jagath.  In general transaction, we use several words without really inquiring about the meaning.  When you make an inquiry into gold and ornaments, there is no kariya karana sambandha because there are no two things; gold and ornament refer […]

Mandukya Upanishad, Class 68

Gowdabadha wants to establish that there is no creation at all with the example of fire brand and pattern.  We experience the seeming duality between fire brand and pattern and we also see an apparent cause effect relationship.  Up on inquiry, we find that patterns do not have separate existences and really speaking there is […]

Mandukya Upanishad, Class 67

Vedanta sara is now being established with the example of fire brand from verse 47 to 56.  First Gowdapadha explained the example.  There is a firebrand with a flaming tip which is advaidam.  When you move the flame brand, there is a variety of patterns.  We do experience these patterns but after analysis we find […]

Mandukya Upanishad Class 66

After negating all the other systems of philosophy, Gowdapadha is summarizing vedantic teachings of Mandukaya Upanishad, from 29 to 46th verses.  He summarized with the help of dream example.  From 47th verse to 56th verse, he is summarizing the same teaching by changing the example. Alantham means torch – a flaming fire with a handle.  […]

Mandukya Upanishad, Class 65

After negating other systems of philosophy Gowdapatha is summarizing the teachings of Mandukya Upanishads in verse 29 onwards.  He repeatedly asserted that Brahman alone is the ultimate reality and he is beyond time and space and therefore beyond cause and effect.  Cause and effect are possible only within time.  However, we experience dwaida prabanja and […]

Mandukya Upanishad, Class 64

Beginning from 29 verse, Gowdapadha is giving the teaching of vedanta as presented by Mandukya Upanishad.  The experienced universe has to be extended to jagradh prabajna and swapna prabanja.  Both worlds are experienced universe and anything experienced is mithya.  Even though the jagradh and swapna prabanja are different, they are mithya.  We are only negating […]